human body systems and their functions

[27] The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is mostly responsible for gathering information with sensory neurons and directing body movements with motor neurons. [34], Human physiology is the study of how the human body functions. Examples include the heart, lungs and liver. The special senses consist of vision, hearing, taste, and smell. Nervous System - The nervous systemhelps the body to communicate and allows the brain to control various functions of the body. The function of the digestive system is to break down food and absorb the nutrients the body needs and removing waste, while the function of the urinary system is to remove toxins from the body and maintain the correct level of hydration.. The main systems of the human body are: Circulatory system / Cardiovascular system : Circulates blood around the body via the heart , arteries and veins , delivering oxygen and nutrients to organs and cells and carrying their waste products away. [8] The RNA is then used to create proteins which form the basis for cells, their activity, and their products. Also, all bones are major storage sites for calcium and phosphate. They are both made of a protein called keratin. [29], The respiratory system consists of the nose, nasopharynx, trachea, and lungs. control metabolic activities of body structure. [51], "Anatomy of the human body" redirects here. If functions of one system cannot be performed by other systems. [45] Modern anatomy uses techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, fluoroscopy and ultrasound imaging to study the body in unprecedented detail. Fingernails grow much faster than toenails. • Apart from these, other organs and tissues serve only one purpose in the body system. Apart from these, other organs and tissues serve only one purpose in the body system. This system can be split up into the muscular system and the skeletal system. [21][22], The lymphatic system extracts, transports and metabolizes lymph, the fluid found in between cells. [39] In the Italian Renaissance, artists from Piero della Francesca (c. 1415–1492) onwards, including Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) and his collaborator Luca Pacioli (c. 1447–1517), learnt and wrote about the rules of art, including visual perspective and the proportions of the human body. Cells in the body function because of DNA. It comprises a head, neck, trunk (which includes the thorax and abdomen), arms and hands, legs and feet.. Our bodies consist of a number of biological systems that carry out specific functions necessary for everyday living. For example, the liver is a part of the digestive system but also plays a prominent role in the excretion system. Henry Gray. From here, the blood is pumped into the lungs where it receives oxygen and drains back into the left side of the heart. [43][44] Anatomy advanced further with the invention of the microscope and the study of the cellular structure of tissues and organs. Some organs may be part of more than one body system if they serve more than one function. The human body is the structure of a human being. Lining cells regulate what can and can't pass through them, protect internal structures, and function as sensory surfaces.[11]. [7] Not all parts of the body are made from cells. If you are on a personal connection, like at home, you can run an anti-virus scan on your device to make sure it is not infected with malware. However, human body systems carry out specific functions that are necessary for the everyday living of a human being. It helps metabolize drugs and other waste from the body through urine. Several of these bones fuse together by adulthood making a total of 206 bones in the adult human body. : alveolus) before being expelled from the lungs when the diaphragm contracts again. 0 The lungs sit in the pleural cavity. [18], The endocrine system consists of the principal endocrine glands: the pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, pancreas, parathyroids, and gonads, but nearly all organs and tissues produce specific endocrine hormones as well. [42] In the Renaissance, Andreas Vesalius (1514–1564) pioneered the modern study of human anatomy by dissection, writing the influential book De humani corporis fabrica. The process begins with fertilisation, where an egg released from the ovary of a female is penetrated by sperm. 88 0 obj <>stream It converts food into small, nutritional, non-toxic molecules for distribution and absorption into the body. THE HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS System Function Diagram Major Organs Interactions- Working with Other Systems Digestive 1. take in food (ingestion) 2. digest food into smaller molecules and absorb nutrients 3. remove undigestable food from body (feces) Mouth, esophagus, stomach, Sm. In the 20th century, the physiologists Knut Schmidt-Nielsen and George Bartholomew extended their studies to comparative physiology and ecophysiology. We can define body systems as groups of organs and tissues that work together to perform important jobs for the body. These interact to maintain homeostasis, keeping the body in a stable state with safe levels of substances such as sugar and oxygen in the blood. Of the 70 kg (150 lb) weight of an average human body, nearly 25 kg (55 lb) is non-human cells or non-cellular material such as bone and connective tissue.

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